On the growing popularity of eBooks, both personally and in Australia

This is what reading is beginning to look likeI’ve had a Kindle for over a year now, and I thought it was about time I reflected on my change in reading habits as well as what I see as the growing popularity of eBooks.

Mid last year, I bought a Sony Reader, but the lack of eBooks available for it, and the complicated process of getting books both from stores like Borders and loading them onto the device, meant I didn’t use it that much and continued to read print books.

Despite the issues with Amazon, I bought the Kindle in December, and found the device was more reliable, there was a wider availability of books and the process of getting books (and other non-Amazon reading material) was so easy via emailing things wirelessly. I can now say that the Kindle has become my primary method of reading after a year.

The exception is books unavailable for Kindle, which is dwindling all the time. Finding books from the International Socialist Tendency is the hardest but Haymarket Books in the US, linked to the ISO, is releasing most of their new releases digitally now. And older Marxist texts, as well as any literature that is public domain, is available on the internet and with handy tools such as browser plugins, you can send things to read with one click.

Not only does the eReader change the way we read traditional print titles, but online text as well, removing us from the glare and distractions of computers. For me, it places the importance on making whatever you publish available in these formats.

Books, publications and journals that cling to outmoded or locked formats such as cloud readers, PDFs and print-only miss this audience.

And I don’t just say this from a position of personal preference. Over the last year, sightings on Kindles and eInk readers such as the Sony Reader and the Kobo have increased on trams, much more than iPads, and are not only replacing those seen with print books, but others as well. From Christmas onwards, this seems more so and I have heard of many friends and acquaintances receiving Kindles for Christmas. They’ve increased on retail store shelves, where as previously you had to order your Kindle from Amazon.com. All of this points to their rise in popularity.

I would speculate that these readers would be looking to purchase more books for their devices, rather than settle for print due to the convenience of having all their reading material on one device and not having to carry often heavy print books, especially for commuters travelling to and from work or uni every day.

Literary journals and Australian Publishing, courted by inferior technology such as cloud-based readers, are missing out on this audience that seems to be growing. Where as small press journals and publishing are tapping into this potential by making their publications available in all formats.

I love my Kindle, I want to use it as often as I can, so I am always sorely disappointed when publications, particularly new and exciting journals, are unavailable to me.

I’m looking forward to the day when everything I read is available on the one device.

Reading challenge for 2012

Reading is an essential element to developing both sides of me, as a writer and a revolutionary socialist. It’s essential for both education and inspiration. That said, no matter how modest, I always seem to fail in the reading challenges I set for myself and 2011 was no exception. I thought finishing a book a month would be pretty easy, but so far I’ve only managed half of that. Perhaps I’ll finish another one or two before the year ends. My favourites this year were This is How by MJ Hyland and Embassytown by China Miéville.

Kindle and Book

But just because I always seem to dismally fail my reading challenges, doesn’t mean I shouldn’t try. I mean, I’d read even less that way. Angela Meyer’s reading challenge has spurred me on to make my 2012 goals. I’m going to try for at least a book a month again, balancing political books and fiction, with a focus on 19th Century and early 20th Century era fiction (mostly American) and political history, plus the Miéville trilogy, some more MJ Hyland and other women writers, and whatever fiction makes an impact in 2012.

Added to that though, will be trying to read most things on my Kindle, unless the book isn’t available that way. I also want to read more journals, mostly Overland, Kill Your Darlings and Socialist Alternative’s Marxist Left Review.

Reading on the road

Kindle and BookDespite all the time in the world at the moment, one of the downsides of my lifestyle now has been that I’ve fallen out of the habit of reading books. With constant access to the net, blogs, articles, tweets, status updates and such – I don’t seem to be stepping away from the screen and reading anything substantial like a novel. It’s making me feel incredibly guilty.

I’m hoping that a change of routine will change when I head off to Byron Bay in a few days and then overseas for three weeks. Certainly, a nearly 24 hour flight might help.

Usually when I travel, I pack my suitcase with print books and more than I read despite them weighing me down. This time I’m not taking any print books with me. I’m just bringing my Kindle and have been loading it up with different stuff: novels, short story collections and perhaps some political non-fiction. I probably won’t get to read all of them of course, but it’s nice to have choice and be able to take advantage of one the best features of eReaders, saving space.

Can I read a short a day?

I like making big public goals that hopefully inspire others to follow me. This time though, I’m kind of following someone else.

Between now and heading to Byron Bay for the writers festival, I want to try and read a short story a day. A whole range of stuff from single-author collections, anthologies, magazines and journals. From pro writers to emerging and unknown writers. From print publications and digital ones.

Jodi Cleghorn was the first to set this goal. And I was intrigued but didn’t think I had the time because I was working full-time then. Well, now this isn’t an issue.

I’m hoping it will contribute to the in-flow of inspiration to help with the out-flow of creativity.

I usually try and blog reviews of novels I read, partly as a record for myself. For the shorts I read, I’ll be tweeting reviews with the hashtag #shortaday. It’s open for others to join if they’re into it.

I’m about half way through China Miéville’s ‘Looking for Jake’ from his collection ‘Looking for Jake and other stories.’ Others on the list include Irvine Welsh, Nam Le, Stephen King as well as some better known talent such as Jodi Cleghorn, Alan Baxter, Felicity Dowker and Jason Coggins. Some of them will even be from collections I’m in that I haven’t gotten around to reading yet.

I think I’m looking for stories that can punch me in the face, confront me, shock me, make me gasp. And sometimes make me laugh, be dragged into a new world and become fascinated. Feel free to suggest pieces that have impacted you.

Comparing print and digital book formatting

As most of you know, I bought two eReaders last year, the Sony Reader and the Kindle (which I’m both yet to properly review or compare) and eBooks and eReading has been a major focus of this blog for some time now; a lot of it has been complaining but I do really love the Kindle and where eBooks are going.

But at the moment, the two books I am reading are in print, not digital. I’m reading them because they’re not out as eBooks (one’s not released yet at all) which I’ve spoken about before, but also, I’m enjoying reading in print again, especially new print books.

You see, one of the things that bothers me about both print books and digital books is the way they’re formatted, especially with long form text. Reading short pieces on the Kindle is a dream, better than scrunched up print outs out of your bag and so loading lots of beta reading is fun, but it becomes split even when it comes to novels.

I hate text that is small, bunched up, dense, not spaced out. I’m big fan of double-spacing, normal paragraph sizes and eloquent fonts. If something isn’t formatted right, I find it harder to read, even a deterrent. This is a bit OCD of me and I realise a lot of people won’t have a problem with this like I do, but hey, the internet gives us the freedom to rant about small things to only some people care about.

Comparing eBooks to old out of copyright titles, the eBook with its standard formatting beats the tatty second hand copy or the old editions. With newer paperbacks though, I think eReaders and eBooks are a bit behind.

Firstly, a lot of books are just badly formatted and full of errors. My copy of Cell from Kobo Books has really wide margins in an eReader, my partner’s copy of The City and The City has all accented letters in capitals. I’ve seen numerous mistakes and from professional publishers, it’s more than disappointing. The quality of formatting seems more lax than in print. Not to mention no response from publishers or retailers about fixing problems.

But secondly, there’s even a problem with the lack of options in the eReaders themselves. You can only change the size of the font on the Sony Reader and the only font is damn ugly. You can choose two or three fonts with the Kindle but even that doesn’t suffice, but it is better. Fonts in print books seem to often complement the content and style of the writing which is then harder to replicate with an eBook when there aren’t that many options. I’ve heard that you can embed fonts but haven’t seen publishers utilise this yet. If you’ve seen them do this, then point me in the right direction.

Some people prefer books formatted in different ways to other people so the benefit of a digital version should be the ability to have a choice, to change it according to your own tastes instead of the one size fits all of print publishing but at the moment, my two print books look much nicer than the stuff I have on my eReaders.

Defenders of print books cite how the books look and feel as to why they won’t switch but I don’t think it has to be this way. With a little effort, eBooks could look much nicer and more personalised.

Bloggers, writers and 'negative' reviews

There has been some renewed debate in the blogosphere around writers writing negative reviews, and as with all debates and questions out there, I thought I’d offer a few points of my own following on from what Megan and Sam have raised.

From what I understand of the debate: some bloggers who are both writing their own fiction and reviewing other people’s fiction, are concerned that writing a ‘negative’ review of any of their peers will damage prospects for publication in the future, damage relations with other writers. I’ve seen it discussed before and the question is always posed about what the reviewer should be doing, as in whether to write negative reviews or not, but never the role of those being reviewed.

I sporadically write reviews for this blog but due to how slow and unfocussed I am as a reader, don’t do it as much as I’d like, but I basically review all the books I finish reading both for people’s interest and as a kind of record of all the things I’ve read and what I think about them.

And I place a premium on being honest about how I feel about what I read, both for my own integrity but also as a mark of respect to those who I am reviewing. I am not interested in back slapping and false praise in the interests of everyone feeling good about themselves. This is just like when exchanging critiques of unpublished work and I think critical reviewing is essential to our growth as writers.

You just can’t improve as a writer if you can’t take on constructive criticism of your work and not fall into a mess, at least in public. Alan Baxter touched on this a few weeks ago.

As far as I can see, if a writer gets a ‘negative’ review from a peer and is pissed off, or takes some sort of action to hinder that reviewer’s publishing chances, that is the fault of the writer who’s working is being reviewed, not the person being honest about what they think. If you put your work out into the public for people to read, you need to expect that people are going to be open about what they think.

A great example of this is Tom Cho who actually quoted the most critical part of my review of his book Look Who’s Morphing when he linked back to my review. It’s the complete opposite to what I’ve seen elsewhere where all you hear from a writer is what good things people have to say about them.

Now there may be an issue with how someone writes a negative review. If you just write “The tale of the Bunnies by Bogus Writer was an absolute pile of crap” and don’t at least elaborate on why Bogus’ tale about rabbits was a pile of crap then the writer is pretty justified in being pissed of, though going to such lengths to ruin that person’s career appears to me to be a bit psychotic.

But I think so long as you are honest, constructive and measured in how you construct your criticisms; I see no problem, or even why you would have to call it a ‘negative’ review. I actually lean the other way and feel strange if I don’t offer something at least a little critical because no piece of literature, no matter how much I enjoyed it, is perfect.

To be honest, I actually think the extent to which bloggers claim writing ‘negative’ reviews is going to be met with damage to their own careers is overstated, but even if it was so, it is a blight on the writer being reviewed if they can’t take critical comment about their work when they’ve put it out in public for people to read and inevitably comment on.

All problems start with DRM

This piece was originally published on Shane Jiraiya Cummings’ blog where he kindly invited me to participate in ‘The Grand Conversation on eBooks.’ Check out his site for a heap of other great posts from some really respected people in the industry discussing digital publishing.

The way we read in a few years time, I think, is going to be totally different from how we’ve read in the past. Greater than the shift from records to cassettes to CDs to MP3s, books and literature is entering the digital age with much angst, debate, and uncertainty, but finally, I think we’re beginning to actually accept the changes and try to shape the new era in our own way.

Hence publishers and booksellers have been having panels and seminars and discussions on eBooks, writers festivals frequently feature panels and sessions on digital publishing as part of their program and blogs, often an accessible field for discussion amongst the literati, are beginning to discuss it at length. It started in Australia with the Meanland project and now it’s branched out to the speculative fiction fields, which is why we’re all here with Shane.

As a writer, I have some thoughts about how I’d like things to go, but writers are also readers (or they should better be), and so some of my thoughts are shaped as an early adopter of eBooks and eReaders in particular. It helps because if the new ways of reading don’t make it easier for readers, what’s the point?

And the first barrier we come to is DRM (digital rights management) – or various methods of security and encryption on eBooks. There are a lot of different parties vying to keep control of their sections of the market. We’ve got publishers, booksellers, writers, and competing bookstores at that. Each bookstore so far wants to make sure you keep buying books from them, and so most of the time, if you buy a device, it’s linked to a respective store. If the book you want is not available at that store, and at another in a different format, most of the time you can’t read that book on your device. This is how booksellers are making it harder for people to adopt eBooks.

To use an analogy from Cory Doctorow, it is like having a bookshelf that you can only stock books from a particular bookstore with only one format: say a shelf of only mass-market paperbacks. Where as in the world of print, if you have a bookshelf, you can stock it with books from any damn store you want. You can read that book anywhere you want, take it with you anywhere, and lend it to anyone.

DRM, the current models of eBooks, and digital bookstores ignore the fact that people read in different ways. With eBooks, there is no one way that has emerged as dominant. People read eBooks on their desktop computers, their laptops, their iPhones or other smart phones, or their iPads or other tablet computers. There are also dedicated eBook Reading devices, some using a special eInk technology that isn’t backlit and so reads almost like a page. They include Kindles and the Sony Reader, and some devices like the Kindle use special formats whereas others use an open format, EPUB, though most bookstores sell a version of that format restricted with DRM, hence destroying the benefit of the open format anyway.

If you make your book(s) available in only one or a few of those formats, you cut off access to all of the readers that use another method. For readers, this is especially frustrating. It’s hard to decide what device to buy, in particular, when you’re looking at a dedicated device. It would make the process and transition to this new technology a whole lot easier if bookstores and publishers made their titles available in a wide variety of formats in order to cater to everybody, at least, until a particular technology becomes dominant.

Ideally, this would also include DRM-free files so it is easier to move your files between devices, and if need be, convert files to other formats. The problem publishers see with this is piracy, but with the high probability that people will find ways around encryption methods and file sharing sites making a heap of titles available in unencrypted methods, there is little benefit in return for frustrating and restricting honest consumers that want to pay money for your titles.

Smashwords is an ideal model, though at present, it mostly publishes titles from small press publishers and self-published authors. The DRM-free, multi-format model, which I think is ideal, is so far being shunned by the major publishers, which the majority of readers get their books from.

For most writers, the possibility of living off royalties from your work is a pipe dream. The main concern, really, is to have your work read, and so it is in the interest of writers to have their work available in as many places and methods as possible. The problem at the moment is not only the debate around formats and DRM, but whether titles go digital at all. Most books are only available in print. Further hindering people’s willingness to even try digital reading. Writers need to start asserting that, in the least, their titles are made available in some form as an eBook because it just cuts them off from more and more readers turning to digital as their primary form of reading.

Sorry, this title is unavailable: the state of digital book selling in Australia

I’ve owned a Sony Reader Touch edition since mid-September. It’s a device I’d been waiting to hit the Australian market and I believed more access to devices like these, as well as the Kindle and Kobo, would mark an increase in the popularity of eBooks in Australia.

Print and DigitalSadly though, I haven’t read all that much on the Sony Reader and as such, haven’t been able to come to some sort of conclusion about the device to post a review. The problem isn’t the device, it’s the lack of availability of books to put on the device. So long as the books I want to read are not available as an eBook and only available in print, print book reading will remain the dominant way I consume books.

There are plenty of books available, if I want to read the selection available at Borders.com.au provided through the Kobo eco-system, but I would be selecting books on the basis of getting to read them on the Reader, not the books I want to read.

It seems to me that the range available consists of mostly best sellers and mainstream titles and at the other end, unknown titles and some small or independent publishers. There are a lot of mid-level or small press publishers in Australia that haven’t made their books available yet. Of all the books on my to-read list, most are not available.

In doing research and investigation for a piece for Ricochet Mag’s blog, I contacted some publishers about the progress of transitioning to the digital marketplace. In searching for some titles, such as John Ajvide Lindqvist’s Let the Right One In, I found that whilst it was available overseas, it was not licensed to be sold in Australia. In a global marketplace such as the Internet, this makes little sense to me. Why would someone want to stop me from wanting to purchase their book?

Kobo Store

A quick search on Google led me to numerous pirated files of the same book (poorly formatted, mind you) and so the archaic divisions around territorial rights seem even more absurd and counter-productive.

I was pleased and surprised however to hear that some publishers are on their way and it’s just a matter of the titles being converted into the right formats. So it’s not all just lost in the purgatory of bullshit legal negotiations.

I can’t help though but be continually frustrated with the whole marketplace at the moment. It is moving too slowly for my liking and even from the perspective of capitalism, it seems problematic. The progress of publishing and reading is being held back by sectional interests and this unwillingness to realise that this is what is happening.

Looking across at competing devices and eBook eco-systems such as Amazon and their Kindle hasn’t brought much more hope. The same titles I’ve been looking for are unavailable there too. Even if it was a closed system with annoying DRM, if the titles were available, I’d switch. As it’s not like Borders.com and the EPUB format are free of DRM and bullshit restrictions.

The Borders eBook store powered by Kobo is horrible to find books and the process of ‘authorising’ the use of files you paid for is unnecessary, frustrating and bug prone. Even after authorising a file, there can be problems accessing it. Also, some titles have formatting not suitable to certain devices and makes the files unreadable, this includes titles from major publishers.

The problems with DRM and finding books make Borders and the Sony Reader not that much better in my opinion from Amazon and the Kindle.

Aside from releasing my own book, Sanity Juxtaposed and having access to a whole range of DRM-free eBooks released by independent publishers via Smashwords and other avenues, my digital reading experience has been frustrating and underwhelming.

Publishers and digital book sellers need to pick up their act and remove a lot of the unnecessary barriers that get in the way of honest readers just wanting to read books.

Fuck you, Amazon; I bought a Sony Reader

Tax time, for me, usually means new gadgets and this year was no exception with myself now holding, in my hot little hands, a Sony Reader – the 6” Touch edition.

Sony Reader

For all the talk about eReaders and Digital Publishing, including from myself this year, I’ve finally bitten the bullet and gotten an eInk Reader of my own. It’s time to put some of my theories to the test, and actually test drive this thing to see how it works.

eReaders and Digital Publishing is still very much in its infancy, so I’m an early adopter, which seems appropriate given my obsession with the topic.

I bought a Sony Reader for a few reasons, over a Kindle or an iPad which seem to be the two main competing devices.

eInk technology is important to me, which ruled out the iPad. I can put aside all the things I can’t do like surf the net because I have an iPhone and a MacBook Pro for that. My Reader is for reading only. The fact that the screen looks like a page, is not backlit, and doesn’t strain my eyes was a big contributing factor in choosing the device.

The deciding point for me with getting the Sony device over Amazon’s Kindle was EPUB support and the lack of DRM. The Kindle chains you to their Amazon store, which firstly, is evil almost on principle and secondly and thirdly, makes it hard for you to move your files over to other devices and limits what you can read on your device.

I hope to mostly buy DRM-free EPUB files to read books on this device. I will be able to move them to other devices that aren’t greedy and restrictive – and I can buy books from a variety of sources.

I also have Calibre to convert things to EPUB. I can read my zine, The Red Pen or my upcoming eBook on the device, which is mighty cool. I plan to read Icy Sedwick and Emma Newman’s eBooks too.

One problem I might run into for the near future is the availability of traditionally published books. For various reasons, a lot of mainstream titles aren’t available. And until they do start to make most titles available, smaller publishing houses who have embraced the model as their ‘in’ are going to have an upper hand.

An example clearly has to be the Chinese Whisperings anthologies; I’m proud to have a story in one of their upcoming 2010 anthology, The Yang Book. And they’re coming out (or are already out) as EPUBs; and will hopefully pick up readers because of it.

I will do a proper review at a later date, after I’ve properly played with the thing, actually read a book or two on it and will let you know how I go.

If you have any questions or issues you want to know about, leave them in the comments section and I will try to address them.

Meanland: Reading in a Time of Change

Last night I was fortunate enough to go to my first event at the new Centre for Books, Writing and Ideas, now known as The Wheeler Centre. The professional looking space is on the Little Lonsdale Street side of the State Library and the interior is overlaid with modern fixtures whilst not disturbing the old architecture.

It was the opening event of Meanland, a collaboration between Overland and its editor, Jeff Sparrow, and Meanjin and its editor, Sophie Cunningham. Both journals have a real reputation in Melbourne and plan to open a year long discussion into reading and literature in an age of changing technology, particularly with eBooks.

On the panel last night was Margaret Simons, Marieke Hardy, Sherman Young, and Peter Craven – and chaired by Sophie. They tackled the issues of the future of reading, the effect the eReader and online content will have and how these new technologies will affect reading.

P2250526

I thought Sherman Young’s initial comments breaking down the question made it quite clear: How will reading by done in the future? And will we still be reading long-form text?

It’s a massive question and that’s why there’s going to be a whole year of events, articles and conversations around it. Last night’s opening only began to scratch the surface, let more questions branch out, and made me curious for more.

Margaret made the bold prediction that eReaders would be everywhere in 2010, and that in five years, most of our reading will be done on them. It’s bold because the Australian market is sadly lacking in any eReaders at the moment, in stark contrast to the United States where they’re taking off.

She also envisioned that reading and writing would become less of a private affair, where your thoughts and reactions would be broadcasted in various forms, such as Twitter-like services more frequently. ‘Crowd-sourcing’ comes to mind like with Wikis and creator’s creative control over their work seems under threat if we agree with what Margaret says. I’m not quite so sure.

Marieke Hardy was asked to speak because of her experience writing the M-book, said not to be interpreted as the Marieke-book, but the mobile book, which seems to be a craze in Japan, with ‘novels’ broadcasted onto people’s mobile phones in chapters each morning.

The example lays the basis for the future of reading on electronic devices. I wondered myself whether the birth of eReading would see the revival of short fiction, on the basis that it’s easier to read shorter texts on a screen with backlit glare.

But Marieke’s predictions don’t extend to the death of the printed book, and says that readers will maintain attachment to the printed book for reading longer texts, particularly the classics. There is a difference in the way you read something on a screen compared to a paperback, unlike the shift from records, to tapes, to CDs, to MP3 players where you essentially digest the medium in the same way.

I’m inclined to agree with this romantic attachment to the printed book, even if I do most of my reading on the screen anyway. This doesn’t mean my mind won’t change as technology does though.

When Sherman Young answered his own broken-down version of the question he was pretty straight-forward as he read his talk from his mobile phone. We would be reading from screens in the future, and yes, we would still be reading long-form text like novels.

He took the angle of arguing that contrary to what everyone else is saying, reading on screens does not determine what you read, that it isn’t inevitable that you’ll only read shorter texts.

I think I agree and disagree. Whilst I can still see that people will want to read novels and longer works, the nature of the screen as opposed to the page (as they’re currently designed) makes it difficult to read for longer periods of time. It’s mainly due to the glare of a back-lit screen placing strain on your eyes. I said this in my post about the iPad. eInk may change all of this but it’s frustrating that I’m yet to get a chance to see how it works!

But I agree with Sherman when he went on to dismiss the notion that screens and the internet are going to shorten our attention spans. I think this is mostly troglodyte hysteria.

To be honest, I didn’t take in too much of what Peter Craven said, other than his admission at being from the rare group of people to still write his work in cursive long-script with a fountain pen. I felt Peter named-dropped a little too much and was less engaging and fresh than the others, but perhaps this is some unconscious prejudice against those who don’t use technology.

The questions of economics play a big role in this whole debate I feel and as a Marxist, I see that capitalism plays a role in determining how reading and technology are going to develop and it will place limitations on the industry, given that the need for something to be profitable for publishers/other companies is going to be of prime importance to those driving the industry, and then the economic basis on which the writers survive is going to depend on how sustainable it is.

This was flagged at something to be discussed in the future and something I’m really curious about. This first event really wet my appetite for this whole discussion and I feel that by the end of the year, we will all be much clearer on what the hell is happening to the publishing industry.

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